They were prolific, publishing study after study exploring its effects on everything from NSAID-induced ulcers to tendon healing in animal models
10.1007/s13770-024-00668-8 98 WangK.DengY.XuC.YanR.WangH.ZhangY.et al (2025)
TABLE 9 Relative bioavailabilities of diosgenin, charantin, and hydroxychalcone in the formulation without piperine (F1), formulation with piperine (F2), and oral pure drug administration
BPC 157 , 400 500
They added that a peptide called TB-4, and a similar synthetic peptide, TB-500, showed some signs of promoting blood vessel formation and tissue repair in cell studies and animal research, but the experts noted that human data around musculoskeletal conditions are lacking
The discovery that the bacteria in our small intestine consume glycine and regulate glutathione metabolism may led to the development of food products that can deliver beneficial bacteria (probiotics) to the gut